{"id":473,"date":"2021-04-22T15:44:00","date_gmt":"2021-04-22T12:44:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/xn----8sbahmlpvellw0ag7lzb.xn--p1ai\/replica\/?p=473"},"modified":"2022-09-27T15:48:32","modified_gmt":"2022-09-27T12:48:32","slug":"%d0%b7%d0%b0%d1%81%d0%b5%d0%bb%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b5-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b2%d0%be%d0%b1%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b6%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b9-%d1%87%d0%b0%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b8-%d1%85%d0%b0%d0%ba%d0%b0%d1%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/xn----8sbahmlpvellw0ag7lzb.xn--p1ai\/replica\/%d0%b7%d0%b0%d1%81%d0%b5%d0%bb%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b5-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b2%d0%be%d0%b1%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%b5%d0%b6%d0%bd%d0%be%d0%b9-%d1%87%d0%b0%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b8-%d1%85%d0%b0%d0%ba%d0%b0%d1%81\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0417\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0425\u0430\u043a\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e-\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f\u0432 XVIII &#8212; \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 XX \u0432\u0432. \u0420\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f."},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u041b\u0435\u043e\u043d\u0442\u044c\u0435\u0432 \u0415.\u0412.<br \/><br \/>\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442:<br \/><br \/>\u0410\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u041f.\u0410. \u041e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0437\u044f\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433<br \/>\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u044f. \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044c, 1892.<br \/>\u0413\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0432 \u0412.\u042e. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u044f\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0410\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0432<br \/>\u0415\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0438. \u0418\u0440\u043a\u0443\u0442\u0441\u043a, 1893.<br \/>\u0415\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c 1859 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0421\u041f\u0431., 1864.<br \/>\u041b\u0438\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u041b.\u0421. \u041d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0421\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0438. \u041a\u0438\u0435\u0432, 1894.<br \/>\u041f\u0435\u0439\u0437\u044b\u043d \u0413. \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u0415\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0437\u044f\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438\/\/ \u0417\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u0421\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u0442\u0434. \u0418\u0420\u0413\u041e. \u041a\u043d. V. \u0421\u041f\u0431., 1858.<br \/>\u041f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0415\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 1900 \u0433. \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u044f\u0440\u0441\u043a, 1900.<br \/>\u041f\u0430\u043c\u044f\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0415\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043d\u0430 1907 \u0433. \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u044f\u0440\u0441\u043a, 1907.<br \/>\u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0443\u043d\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0415\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u0423\u0440\u044f\u043d\u0445\u0430\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c<br \/>\u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0437\u044f\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 1917 \u0433. \u0438 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c<br \/>1916 \u2013 1921 \u0433\u0433. \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u044f\u0440\u0441\u043a, 1921.<br \/>\u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442 \u0415\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0438. \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u044f\u0440\u0441\u043a, 1911.<br \/>\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438. \u0422. 29. \u0412\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430 1893 \u0433. \u0412\u044b\u043f. 11. \u0415\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0421\u041f\u0431., 1895.<br \/><br \/>\u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0433. \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430, \u0424. 4. \u041e\u043f. 2. \u0415\u0434. \u0445\u0440. 1.<br \/>\u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0433. \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430, \u0424. 12. \u041e\u043f. 1. \u0415\u0434. \u0445\u0440. 1.<br \/>\u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0433. \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430, \u0424. 17. \u041e\u043f. 1. \u0415\u0434. \u0445\u0440. 281, 252.<br \/>\u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0433. \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430, \u0424. 15. \u041e\u043f. 1. \u0415\u0434. \u0445\u0440. 12, 143 \u2013 153, 229.<br \/>\u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0433. \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430, \u0424. 34. \u041e\u043f. 1. \u0415\u0434. \u0445\u0440. 143, 425.<br \/>\u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0433. \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430, \u0424. 42. \u041e\u043f. 1. \u0415\u0434. \u0445\u0440. 200, 1426.<br \/>\u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0433. \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430, \u0424. 51. \u041e\u043f. 2. \u0415\u0434. \u0445\u0440. 1 \u2013 3.<br \/>\u0410\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0432 \u0433. \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430, \u0424. 54. \u041e\u043f. 1. \u0415\u0434. \u0445\u0440. 29, 35, 39, 51, 117, 119, 128, 130, 132, 133, 135, 136, 137, 143, 237<\/p>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"360\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/xn----8sbahmlpvellw0ag7lzb.xn--p1ai\/replica\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hj_IU4mRtAU.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-474\" srcset=\"https:\/\/xn----8sbahmlpvellw0ag7lzb.xn--p1ai\/replica\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hj_IU4mRtAU.jpg 360w, https:\/\/xn----8sbahmlpvellw0ag7lzb.xn--p1ai\/replica\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/hj_IU4mRtAU-225x300.jpg 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 360px) 100vw, 360px\" \/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041b\u0435\u043e\u043d\u0442\u044c\u0435\u0432 \u0415.\u0412. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442: \u0410\u0440\u0433\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0432 \u041f.\u0410. \u041e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u043e\u0437\u044f\u0439\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u0440\u0430\u044f \u0438 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u041c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u044f. \u041a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u044c, 1892.\u0413\u0440\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0440\u044c\u0435\u0432 \u0412.\u042e. \u041d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u041a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u041a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u043e\u044f\u0440\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e, \u0410\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0415\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0438. \u0418\u0440\u043a\u0443\u0442\u0441\u043a, 1893.\u0415\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0421\u043f\u0438\u0441\u043e\u043a \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u0441\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c 1859 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0421\u041f\u0431., 1864.\u041b\u0438\u0447\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u041b.\u0421. \u041d\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0437\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0421\u0438\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0438. \u041a\u0438\u0435\u0432, 1894.\u041f\u0435\u0439\u0437\u044b\u043d \u0413. \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u0415\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0435\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0433\u0443\u0431\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0438\u0438 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-473","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-territory-and-natural-conditions"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/xn----8sbahmlpvellw0ag7lzb.xn--p1ai\/replica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/473","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/xn----8sbahmlpvellw0ag7lzb.xn--p1ai\/replica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/xn----8sbahmlpvellw0ag7lzb.xn--p1ai\/replica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xn----8sbahmlpvellw0ag7lzb.xn--p1ai\/replica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xn----8sbahmlpvellw0ag7lzb.xn--p1ai\/replica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=473"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/xn----8sbahmlpvellw0ag7lzb.xn--p1ai\/replica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/473\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":475,"href":"https:\/\/xn----8sbahmlpvellw0ag7lzb.xn--p1ai\/replica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/473\/revisions\/475"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/xn----8sbahmlpvellw0ag7lzb.xn--p1ai\/replica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=473"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xn----8sbahmlpvellw0ag7lzb.xn--p1ai\/replica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=473"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/xn----8sbahmlpvellw0ag7lzb.xn--p1ai\/replica\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=473"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}